Spain · DGMM / Capitanía Marítima
PER (Patrón de Embarcaciones de Recreo) — Spain
The PER is Spain's recreational skipper licence — 12-metre boats, 12 miles offshore. It is issued by the Dirección General de la Marina Mercante (DGMM) and the Capitanías Marítimas.
The PER syllabus covers navigation rules (RIPA / COLREG 1972), IALA buoyage, lights and shapes, sound and light signals, basic navigation, weather, maritime safety and propulsion.
Who should take the PER
Anyone who wants to skipper a recreational boat up to 15 m and 12 nautical miles from shore in Spanish waters.
Topics tested by the PER
Practice tests aligned with PER
How to prepare
Study the full RIPA (Parts A–E), memorise IALA cardinal and lateral marks, master vessel lights and sound signals, then drill the question bank until you consistently score above 80% under timed conditions.